The term may be taken broadly as comprising all the steps needed to produce a map: planning, aerial photography, field surveys, photogrammetry, editing, color separation, and multicolor printing.
Derived from "cadastre" meaning a register of land quantities, values, and ownership used levying taxes, the term may properly be applied to surveys of a similar nature outside the public lands, such surveys are more commonly called "land surveys" or "property surveys."Ĭartography: Science and art of making maps and charts. A radar altimeter determines the height of an aircraft above the terrain by measuring the time required for an electromagnetic pulse to travel from aircraft to the ground and back.Īzimuth: Horizontal direction reckoned clockwise from the meridian plane.īackshore: Part of a beach that is usually dry and is reached only by the highest tides by extension, a narrow strip of relatively flat coast bordering the sea.īathymetry: Science of measuring water depths (usually in the ocean) to determine bottom topography.īeach (seabeach): Zone of unconsolidated material that extends landward from the low water line to the place where there is marked change in material or physiographic form, or to the line of permanent vegetation (usually the effective lint of storm waves).īench mark: Relatively permanent material object, natural or artificial, bearing a marked point whose elevation above or below an adopted datum is known.īoundary monument: Material object placed on or near a boundary line to preserve and identify the location of the boundary line on the groundīoundary survey: Survey made to establish or to reestablish a boundary line on the ground, or to obtain data for constructing a map or plat showing a boundary line.Ĭadastral survey: Survey relating to land boundaries, made to create units suitable for title transfer or to define the limitations of title. The most common type is an aneroid barometer. In such instruments as transits and theodolites, the alidade is the part containing the telescope and its attachments.Īltimeter: Instrument for measuring altitudes or elevations with respect to a reference level, usually mean sea level. In its simplest form, a peepsight or telescope mounted on a straightedge and used for plotting directions graphically. Accuracy relates to the quality of a result and is distinguished from precision which relates to the quality of the operation by which the result is obtained.Īdjustment: Process designed to remove inconsistencies in measured or computed quantities by applying derived corrections to compensate for random or accidental errors.Īdjustment, land- line: Positioning land lines on a map to indicate their true, theoretical, or approximate location relative to the adjacent terrain and culture, by reconciling the information shown on Bureau of Land Management plats and field records with the ground evidence of the location of the lines.Īdjustment, standard accuracy: Adjustment of a survey resulting in values for positions and (or) elevations that comply with the National Map Accuracy Standards.Īerotriangulation: The process of developing a network of horizontal and or vertical positions from a group of known positions using direct or indirect measurements from aerial photographs and mathematical computations.Īlidade:Instrument, or part of an instrument, for determining direction, either horizontal or vertical. Definitions Provided By: Maps for America - Third EditionĪccuracy: Degree of conformity with a standard.
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